Sida hawl-wadeen,matoorka stepper-kawaa mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ugu muhiimsan ee farsamada gacanta, kaas oo si weyn loogu isticmaalo nidaamyada xakamaynta otomaatiga ee kala duwan. Iyadoo la horumarinayo microelectronics iyo tignoolajiyada kombiyuutarka, baahida loo qabo matoorrada stepper-ka ayaa sii kordheysa maalinba maalinta ka dambeysa, waxaana loo isticmaalaa dhinacyo kala duwan oo dhaqaale qaran.
01 Waa maxay amatoorka stepper-ka
Matoorka Stepper waa qalab elektaroonik ah oo si toos ah ugu beddela garaaca korontada dhaqdhaqaaq farsamo. Iyadoo la xakameynayo taxanaha, soo noqnoqoshada iyo tirada garaaca korontada ee lagu dabaqay gariiradda matoorka, xagasha isteerinka, xawaaraha iyo wareegga matoorka stepper-ka waa la xakamayn karaa. Iyada oo aan la isticmaalin nidaam xakameyn jawaab celin ah oo xiran oo leh dareen booska, booska saxda ah iyo xakamaynta xawaaraha waxaa lagu gaari karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo nidaam xakameyn furan oo fudud oo qiimo jaban oo ka kooban matoor stepper ah iyo darawalkiisa la socda.
02 matoorka stepper-kaqaab-dhismeedka aasaasiga ah iyo mabda'a shaqada
Qaab-dhismeedka aasaasiga ah:
Mabda'a shaqada: darawalka matoorka stepper sida waafaqsan garaaca wadnaha ee dibadda iyo calaamadda jihada, iyada oo loo marayo wareegga macquulka gudaha, xakamayso wareegga matoorka stepper ee taxane waqti gaar ah oo hore ama gadaal ah, si matoorku u hormaro / dib u rogo, ama u xiro.
Tusaale ahaan, qaado matoorka laba-waji ee 1.8 darajo ah: marka labada wareegba la tamareeyo oo la kiciyo, usha soo baxda matoorku waxay noqon doontaa mid taagan oo ku xiran booska. Xuddunta ugu badan ee matoorka ku hayn doonta qufulka hadda la qiimeeyay waa wareegga haynta. Haddii qulqulka mid ka mid ah wareegyada la wareejiyo, matoorku wuxuu ku wareegi doonaa hal tallaabo (1.8 darajo) jiho la siiyay.
Sidoo kale, haddii hadda ku jirta wareegga kale uu beddelo jihada, matoorku wuxuu ku wareegi doonaa hal tallaabo (1.8 darajo) jihada ka soo horjeedda tii hore. Marka hadda ku socota wareegga gariiradda si isdaba joog ah loogu wareejiyo kicinta, matoorku wuxuu ku wareegi doonaa tallaabo joogto ah jihada la bixiyay iyadoo saxnaan aad u sarreysa leh. 1.8 darajo oo ah wareegga matoorka laba-waji leh ee usbuuca waxay qaadataa 200 oo tallaabo.
Matoorada laba-waji leh ee stepper-ka waxay leeyihiin laba nooc oo wareeg ah: laba-waji iyo hal-waji. Matoorada laba-waji leh waxay leeyihiin hal gariirad wareeg ah marxaladdiiba, wareegga joogtada ah ee matoorka ee hadda ku jira gariiradda isku midka ah si uu u noqdo kicin isbeddelaysa oo isdaba joog ah, naqshadeynta wareegga wadista waxay u baahan tahay siddeed beddel elektaroonik ah oo loogu talagalay beddelashada isku xigxiga.
Matoorada hal-polar waxay leeyihiin laba wareeg oo wareeg ah oo ka soo horjeeda weji kasta, iyo matoorku
si joogto ah ayuu u wareegaa isagoo si is barbar socda u tamar gelinaya labada gariiradood ee isku mar socda.
Wareegga wadista waxaa loogu talagalay inuu u baahdo afar badhan oo elektaroonik ah oo keliya.
qaabka wadista, awoodda wax soo saarka ee matoorka ayaa korodhay qiyaastii 40% marka la barbar dhigo
qaabka wadista hal-polar sababtoo ah gariiradaha wareega ee marxalad kasta waa 100% xiiso leh.
03, Culayska matoorka Stepper
A. Culayska daqiiqada ah (Tf)
Tf = G * r
G: Miisaanka rarka
r: gacan
B. Culayska Inertia (TJ)
TJ = J * dw/dt
J = M * (R12+R22) / 2 (Kg * cm)
M: Cufnaanta culayska
R1: Gacanka giraanta dibadda
R2: Gacanka giraanta gudaha
dω/dt: Dardargelinta xagasha
04, qalooca xawaaraha-torque ee matoorka stepper
Qalooca xawaaraha-wareegga waa muujinta muhiimka ah ee astaamaha wax soo saarka ee stepper-ka
matoorro.
A. Barta soo noqnoqoshada hawlgalka matoorka stepper
Qiimaha xawaaraha ee matoorka stepper-ka meel gaar ah.
n = q * Hz / (360 * D)
n: dib-u-eegis/ilbiriqsi
Hz: Qiimaha soo noqnoqda
D: Qiimaha isku-xidhka wareegga wadista
q: xagasha tallaabada matoorka stepper
Tusaale ahaan, matoorka stepper-ka oo leh xagal cod ah oo ah 1.8°, oo leh 1/2 darawal oo isku xiran(tusaale ahaan, 0.9° tallaabo kasta), wuxuu leeyahay xawaare dhan 1.25 r/s oo leh soo noqnoqoshada hawlgalka oo ah 500 Hz.
B. Aagga is-kicinta ee matoorka stepper
Meesha laga shidi karo oo si toos ah loogu joojin karo matoorka stepper-ka.
C. Aagga hawlgalka joogtada ah
Aaggan, matoorka stepper-ka si toos ah looma shidi karo ama looma joojin karo. Matoorada stepper-ka gudahaAaggani waa inuu marka hore dhex maraa aagga is-bilaabidda ka dibna la dedejiyaa si loo gaaroaagga shaqada. Sidoo kale, matoorka stepper-ka ee aaggan si toos ah looma joojin karo,haddii kale way fududahay in matoorka stepper-ka uu ka baxo tallaabada, marka hore waa in la qaboojiyaa si loo yareeyoaagga iskiis u bilaabaya ka dibna bareega ayuu joojiyay.
D. Inta jeer ee ugu badan ee matoorka stepper uu bilaabo
Xaaladda aan culayska lahayn ee matoorka, si loo hubiyo in matoorka stepper uusan lumin hawlgalka tallaabadainta jeer ee garaaca ugu badan.
E. Inta jeer ee ugu badan ee matoorka Stepper uu shaqeynayo
Soo noqnoqoshada garaaca ugu badan ee matoorku ku faraxsan yahay inuu ku shaqeeyo isagoon hal tallaabo luminiyada oo aan wax culays ah la saarin.
F. Matoorka Stepper-ka oo bilaabaya wareegga/jiidashada wareegga
Si aad ula kulanto matoorka stepper-ka ee soo noqnoqoshada garaaca qaarkood si aad u bilowdo oo aad u bilowdo socodsiinta, iyada oo aan lahaynlumitaanka tallaabooyinka wareegga ugu badan ee culeyska.
G. Matoorka Stepper oo shaqeynaya torque/drain-in torque
Xuddunta ugu badan ee culayska ee qancisa hawlgalka xasilloon ee matoorka stepper-ka ee agaraaca wadnaha oo gaar ah oo aan lumin tallaabada.
05 Xakamaynta dhaqdhaqaaqa dardargelinta/dedejinta matoorka stepper
Marka matoorka stepper uu ku jiro qalooca xawaaraha-torque ee joogtada ahgobolka hawlgalka, sida loo soo gaabiyo bilowga matoorka ama joojinta dardargelinta ama hoos u dhigistawaqti, si matoorku u shaqeeyo waqti dheer xawaaraha ugu fiican, taasoo kordhinaysa xawaaraha.Waqtiga wax ku oolka ah ee matoorka waa mid aad muhiim u ah.
Sida ku cad jaantuska hoose, qalooca astaamaha dhaqdhaqaaqa ee matoorka stepper waaxariiq toosan oo toosan oo xawaare hoose leh; xawaare sare, qalooca ayaa si xad dhaaf ah hoos ugu dhacayasababtoo ah saameynta inductance.
Waan ognahay in culeyska matoorka stepper-ka uu yahay TL, waxaan u maleyneynaa inaan rabno inaan ka dardargelino F0 ilaa F1 gudahawaqtiga ugu gaaban (tr), sidee loo xisaabiyaa waqtiga ugu gaaban tr?
(1) Caadiyan, TJ = 70% Tm
(2) tr = 1.8 * 10 -5 * J * q * (F1-F0)/(TJ -TL)
(3) F (t) = (F1-F0) * t/tr + F0, 0
B. Dardargelinta xawaaraha sare ee xaaladda xawaaraha sare
(1) Caadiyan
TJ0 = 70%Tm0
TJ1 = 70%Tm1
TL = 60%Tm1
(2)
tr = F4 * Gudaha [(TJ 0-TL)/(TJ 1-TL)]
(3)
F (t) = F2 * [1 - e^ (-t/F4)] + F0, 0
F2 = (TL-TJ 0) * (F1-F0)/TJ 1-TJ 0)
F4 = 1.8 * 10-5 * J * q * F2/ (TJ 0-TL)
Qoraallo.
J waxay muujinaysaa firfircoonida wareegga ee rotor-ka matoorka ee culayska saaran yahay.
q waa xagasha wareegga ee tallaabo kasta, taas oo ah xagasha tallaabada ee matoorka stepper-ka ee ku jira
kiiska oo dhan ee wadista.
Hawlgalka hoos u dhigista, kaliya rog inta jeer ee garaaca degdega ee kor ku xusan waxay noqon kartaa mid la beddeli karo.
xisaabiyay.
06 gariirka iyo buuqa matoorka stepper
Guud ahaan, matoorka stepper-ka ee ku jira hawlgal aan culays lahayn, marka matoorku uu ku jiro inta jeer ee uu shaqaynayo.ku dhow ama la mid ah soo noqnoqoshada ku jirta rotor-ka matoorka ayaa soo bixi doonta, dhab ahaanna way dhici doontaadhacdo aan tallaabo lahayn.
Dhowr xal oo loogu talagalay resonance:
A. Ka fogow aagga gariirka: si matoorku u soo noqnoqonayo shaqada uusan ugu dhicin gudahakala duwanaanshaha gariirka
B. Ku dhaqan qaabka wadista qaybta hoose: Isticmaal qaabka wadista yar-tallaabo si aad u yareyso gariirka
u qaybin hal tallaabo oo asalka ah tallaabooyin badan si loo kordhiyo xallinta mid kasta
Tallaabada matoorka. Tan waxaa lagu gaari karaa iyadoo la hagaajinayo heerka iyo saamiga hadda ee matoorka.
Microstepping-ku ma kordhiyo saxnaanta xagasha tallaabada, laakiin wuxuu matoorka ka dhigaa mid si fiican u shaqeeya.
Si habsami leh oo buuq yar leh. Turqusha guud ahaan 15% way ka hooseysaa hawlgalka nus-tallaabo
marka loo eego hawlgalka tallaabo-buuxa ah, iyo 30% ka hooseeya xakamaynta hadda hirarka sine.
Waqtiga boostada: Noofambar-09-2022